Where Does Space Begin? The Kármán Line, the 80 km Debate and Why the Law Has No Boundary
Where does space begin? The Kármán line, the 80 km debate, the national laws that pick 100 km, and why international law…
Topic
Treaties
The Rescue Agreement Explained: What States Owe Astronauts in Distress and Rocket Parts That Fall to Earth
The Rescue Agreement explained: what States owe astronauts in distress, what happens when rocket debris lands abroad, and where the 1968 treaty…
The Registration Convention Explained: Who Registers a Satellite and Why It Decides Who Controls It
The Registration Convention explained: what States must register with the UN, who counts as the launching State, and why registration decides jurisdiction.
Explainers11 min read
11 min
The Artemis Accords Explained: What They Say, Who Has Signed and Why It Matters
The Artemis Accords explained: what the text says, why Sections 10 and 11 matter for lunar mining, and who the 76 signatories are as of October…
Explainers12 min read
12 min
The Moon Agreement: Why Almost No One Ratified It
Adopted in 1979, in force since 1984, and ratified by just 17 states, none of which launches its own astronauts. How one article on the common…
Explainers7 min read
7 min
The Outer Space Treaty Explained, Article by Article
Six of its seventeen articles do almost all the work. Here is what Articles I, II, VI, VII, VIII and IX actually say, and the four…